Short Summary and Quote Analysis in To Kill a Mockingbird :: essays research papers

spotter Finch, the youngest child of genus Atticus Finch, narrates the story. It is summer while and her first cousin Dill and brother Jem are her companions and playmates. They play all summer long until Dill has to go back home to Maridian and Scout and her brother start school. The Atticus maid, a black woman by the name of Calpurnia, is the like a mother to the children. While playing, Scout and Jem discover small trinkets in a k nonhole in an old oak tree on the Radley property. Summer rolls slightly again and Dill comes back to visit. A sence of discrimination develops towards the Radleys because of their race. Scout forms a association with her neighbor Miss Maudie, whose house is later burnt down. She tells Scout to respect Boo Radley and treat him like a person. Treasures keep appearing in the knothole until it is change with cement to prevent decay. As winter comes it snows for the first time in a century. Boo gives scout a blanket and she finally understands her fath ers and Miss Maudies assign of view and treats him respectfully. Scout and Jem get wind air guns for Christmas, and promise Atticus never to shoot a mockingbird, for they are peaceful and go int deserve to die in that manner. Atticus thusly takes a case defending a black man accused of rape. He have intercourses that much(prenominal) a case will bring trouble for his family except he takes it anyways. This is the sense of bravery he tries to instill in his son Jem. Atticus defines courage to Jem. I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. Its when you know youre licked before you begin precisely you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what (112). A man with a gun, in his eyes, is not a man, exclusively a coward. It takes little character to point a gun and pull a trigger, but it takes mountains of courage to accept a quarrel in which you are already defeated. Nothing to do but r everse fate, overturn the thoughts and predictions which stands looking down with a grin upon its face. This feat maybe impossible, but not totally forsaken, for courage prevails over cowardice. Courage, bravery, selflessness, all attributes inevitable for winners to possess.Short Summary and Quote Analysis in To Kill a Mockingbird essays research papersScout Finch, the youngest child of Atticus Finch, narrates the story. It is summer and her cousin Dill and brother Jem are her companions and playmates. They play all summer long until Dill has to go back home to Maridian and Scout and her brother start school. The Atticus maid, a black woman by the name of Calpurnia, is like a mother to the children. While playing, Scout and Jem discover small trinkets in a knothole in an old oak tree on the Radley property. Summer rolls around again and Dill comes back to visit. A sence of discrimination develops towards the Radleys because of their race. Scout forms a friendship with her neigh bor Miss Maudie, whose house is later burnt down. She tells Scout to respect Boo Radley and treat him like a person. Treasures keep appearing in the knothole until it is filled with cement to prevent decay. As winter comes it snows for the first time in a century. Boo gives scout a blanket and she finally understands her fathers and Miss Maudies point of view and treats him respectfully. Scout and Jem receive air guns for Christmas, and promise Atticus never to shoot a mockingbird, for they are peaceful and dont deserve to die in that manner. Atticus then takes a case defending a black man accused of rape. He knows that such a case will bring trouble for his family but he takes it anyways. This is the sense of courage he tries to instill in his son Jem. Atticus defines courage to Jem. I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. Its when you know youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway and yo u see it through no matter what (112). A man with a gun, in his eyes, is not a man, but a coward. It takes little character to point a gun and pull a trigger, but it takes mountains of courage to accept a challenge in which you are already defeated. Nothing to do but reverse fate, overturn the thoughts and predictions which stands looking down with a grin upon its face. This feat maybe impossible, but not totally forsaken, for courage prevails over cowardice. Courage, bravery, selflessness, all attributes necessary for winners to possess.

Californias Promise Essays -- State Government, State Deficit

In the 1960s atomic number 20 experienced reverence through the character of being a promising great realm. The increasing population as well as the massive publicity, contributed in highlighting this notion. However, in 2011, California no longer holds the akin reputation in the eyes of its residents. With a current state deficit of $25.4 Billion, many Californians believe that the state is hopeless and can no longer feel to its past stardom. Famed Historian, Kevin Starr argues that California has lost its promise entirely however, California has not lost its promise entirely for the fact that California is still the eighth largest economy in the world. California is able to function even with a dysfunctional government and institutional structure. California still has the potential to recover its reputation as a great promising state. By tackling the states dilemma, we are able to understand why and how California lost its greatness. Once we give out the core problems of the state, such as the initiative process, the state legislature, and misrepresentation of the public, we will have a better understanding of how to tackle the issue.First, an obvious problem of the state is the usage of the initiative process. Originally, it gave Californians the power to propose constitutional amendments and law that fellow citizens will vote on without the legislatures involvement (Van Vechten, 20). However, today, special pursual groups have used this process abusively. In fact, initiative campaigns became an industry of its own in California. According to Mathews and Mark, in 1996, annual spending on initiative campaigns in California topped $140 million (Mathews and Mark, 68). Special interests groups that are financially well o... ...tion of 38 million people, California still has the potential to be great. If in fact California lost its promise, the state would not have that large of a population nor would it have the eighth largest economy in world. The problem of California is in the structure of the legislature and the institutions and practices that it has. There are unchecked power given to the people through the initiative process and there are cardinal structural flaws in the state legislature. By addressing these problems and critically thinking what needs to be bettered, California can potentially get its old reputation. However, we must reform without unconsciously changing the right things in our state. If California just reforms in the same way it used to, the states future may be ruined. Innovative promoter of solution is needed in order to stir the state to the right direction.

Ray Bradbury Biography :: essays research papers

lance Bradbury BiographyU.S. author, born in Waukegan, Ill., on Aug. 22, 1920. In his stories, Bradbury wove together the intrigue of changing technology with insightful social commentary. One of his best-known works was The Martian Chronicles a collection of interrelated stories concerning colonization of the satellite Mars those attracted readers both young and old. In it, Bradbury portrayed the strengths and weaknesses of human beings as they encountered a new world.Ray Bradbury grew up in Waukegan and in Los Angeles, where he founded a magazine called Futuria Fantasia while in high school. He sold his first short story when he was 21 years old. His early stories were published in pulp magazines, but Bradbury later published stories in such mainstream magazines as The New Yorker, Mademoiselle, and the Saturday Evening Post. His science fiction and fantasy short-story collections included The Martian Chronicles, The Illustrated Man, and Dinosaur Tales.Bradburys 1980 collection, The Stories of Ray Bradbury, covers a wide range of topics, none of which is truly science fiction. His novels included Fahrenheit 451, Dandelion Wine, and Something Wicked This Way Comes. Fahrenheit 451 was made into a motion picture in 1966, and The Martian Chronicles later appeared both as a motion picture and a television miniseries.In 1954 Bradbury was honored with an award from the National Institute of humanities and Letters for his contribution to American literature. In 1956 he collaborated with John Huston to create the screenplay for Moby Dick. In addition to fiction Bradbury wrote Zen and the Art of Writing and also published such dramas as The Anthem Sprinters, The Wonderful Ice Cream Suit, The Pedestrian, and volumes of poetry including When Elephants Last in the Dooryard Bloomed, Where automaton Mice & Robot Men Run Around in Robot Towns, and The Haunted Computer and the Android Pope.

Chaucers Use of Courtly Love Essay -- essays papers

Chaucers Use of Courtly LoveChaucers Use of Courtly LoveChaucer admired and made use of the medieval courtly cut romance tradition, although he did not fully buy into it. The courtly love code is based on the woman as the center of attention. The medieval knight suffers greatly for his love, who is often someone elses wife. He will do anything to protect and honor her, remaining faithful at only costs. Adultery and secrecy characterize these relationships. The knight views a woman and experiences true love. The knight fears that he will never be accepted by his love therefore, she is worshiped at a distance. Elements of courtly love displace be seen in both The Book of the Duchess and The Knights Tale. In The Book of the Duchess the Black Knight represents the courtly love character, who falls hopelessly in love with chick White. Following the courtly love tradition, Lady White becomes the most important thing in the Black Knights life. He describes her as the one true love t hat struck his eye with utter beauty.Among these ladies fair and bright,Truly one there struck my sight,Unlike the others, I declare,Because for certain I can swearThat, as the sun of summer brightIs fairer, clearer, has more lightThan any other planet in heaven,More than the Moon, or the starry seven,Just so for all the world did she Surpass those others utterlyIn beauty, courtesy and grace,In radiant modesty of face, Fine bearing, virtue every way-What more, thus briefly, can I hypothesise? (lines 816-830)The courtly love tradition brings a powerful romance to The Book of the Duchess. The Black Knight has found his true love however, she has died. Her death is his deepes... ...urns disguised so that he can remain in contact with Emelye. Arcite has suffered and has expressed regret for his suffering. Allas, the wo allas, the peynes stronge,That I for yow have suffered, and so longe (lines 1913,14).This too is untypical of the courtly love romance. The egoistical passion of Pal amon and Arcite distracts the reader from any true feelings of love. The knights view love in a barbaric way. Chaucer strays from the courtly love pattern to show the reader how self-centred love and lovers can be. The courtly love romance tradition was widely used by Chaucer. However, Chaucer did not fully embrace this code. In The Book of the Duchess and The Knights Tale, Chaucer uses side of the courtly ideal. His absence of certain characteristics and elements of the code leaves the reader thinking, and interpreting on his/her own.

Visiting Mountain City :: Descriptive Essay About A Place

Visiting Mountain CityMountain City, Tennessee, is my hometown. I have lived in this sm altogether town located in East Tennessee all my life. It has many attractions, shopping places, and great places to eat. Most people dont realize what the town has to offer--everything from shopping in the downtown area to relaxing in one of the numerous parks. There are also several creeks and camping facilities for the outdoor man. This makes Mountain City a great place to go and go out about all your troubles. Mountain City was established in 1885 the town was first called Talyorsville. The town has grown tremendously since its establishment. Located about 45 miles from Johnson City, its a perfect place to visit for a day. The drive is only about an hour from E.T.S.U. Mountain City is also located about 30 miles from Boone, North Carolina, where skiings a major attraction. Since I have lived in Mountain City all my life, in my opinion, the fall season is the trump out time to go. The trees a ll around are full of color. This time of year is a perfect time to hike on one of the various trails, which will lead you deep into the Appalachian Mountains. Some of the trails lead to spectacular views of the town. The Deer Run Trail is a wonderful trail to hike in set out to view the small town. The trail is about a mile long and very challenging. During the fall season, the weather seems warm during the day and cool throughout the night. Id suggest taking some short sleeve shirts for the day and some long sleeved shirts for the chilly nights.If the outdoors does not interest you, hence Mountain City offers several stores to shop at. business district Mountain City is packed full of little stores filled with all kinds of treasures. Theres a variety of stores and wide selection of items to choose from. Some stores located in the downtown area are the City Shoe Store, Cornet Furniture, Auto Zone, Downtown Antiques, Hidden Treasures Antiques, and for the young people, Corner Pock et Arcade. The downtown area is not the only place to shop. I learned from my visit that there is a dollar Store, Family Dollar, Tumbleweed Western Wear, Family Book and Card, and a Stanley Knitting Mill Outlet store. Some of my favorite places to shop are the little booths set up along side of the road, that feature crafts and different selections of souvenirs.

Visiting Mountain City :: Descriptive Essay About A Place

Visiting good deal City sens City, Tennessee, is my home townspeople. I have lived in this small town located in East Tennessee all my life. It has many attractions, shopping prepares, and great places to eat. Most people dont realize what the town has to offer--everything from shopping in the downtown airfield to relaxing in one of the numerous parks. There are also several creeks and camping facilities for the outdoor man. This makes Mountain City a great place to go and forget about all your troubles. Mountain City was established in 1885 the town was first called Talyorsville. The town has grown tremendously since its establishment. Located about 45 miles from Johnson City, its a sodding(a) place to visit for a day. The drive is only about an time of day from E.T.S.U. Mountain City is also located about 30 miles from Boone, North Carolina, where skiings a major attraction. Since I have lived in Mountain City all my life, in my opinion, the bead season is the best time to go . The trees all around are in full of color. This time of year is a perfect time to hike on one of the various trails, which will lead you deep into the Appalachian Mountains. Some of the trails lead to spectacular views of the town. The Deer Run vestige is a wonderful trail to hike in order to view the small town. The trail is about a mile long and very challenging. During the fall season, the weather seems warm during the day and cool throughout the night. Id suggest taking some short sleeve shirts for the day and some long sleeved shirts for the chilly nights.If the outdoors does not interest you, then Mountain City offers several stores to shop at. Downtown Mountain City is packed full of little stores filled with all kinds of treasures. Theres a variety of stores and wide selection of items to choose from. Some stores located in the downtown area are the City Shoe Store, Cornet Furniture, Auto Zone, Downtown Antiques, Hidden Treasures Antiques, and for the young people, Corn er Pocket Arcade. The downtown area is not the only place to shop. I learned from my visit that there is a Dollar Store, Family Dollar, Tumbleweed Western Wear, Family Book and Card, and a Stanley Knitting Mill Outlet store. Some of my favored places to shop are the little booths set up along side of the road, that feature crafts and different selections of souvenirs.

Explore the Different Types of Love Shown in Wuthering Heights

Explore the different types of love shown in Wuthering Heights Pages 70 -75 The love shown in Wuthering Heights on pages 70-75 is not whole those of morality love, but also love that aches, and both types are each, for a different man. The simpler of the two is that of which Catherine feels for Edgar. Having chosen to marry Edgar, finished no other reason than it is moral option Catherine feels no uncoiled love towards him. When conversing with Nelly, and questioned on just what it is that Catherine loves about him, it is apparent, that she struggles to find an emotionally invested response.The responses that she does return to Nellys question, consisting of the adjectives, handsome, winning and rich all show that Catherine feels for Edgars appearance, which is also evidential later in the passage He is young and rich now, and I have only to do with the present. This further shows the reader that Catherines love for Edgar is far from reliable, nor worth losing Heathcliff over. Catherines fight between both her heart and her head causes her to feel that Nelly is ride her and doesnt understand the dilemma of her situation but if you exit not mock at me, Ill explain it.. and further mentions that she can only arrest a small insight of how it is she feels I cant do it distinctively. The fact that Catherine feels quite apprehensive towards letting Nelly in on her secret, a secret in which she and she alone feels ownership over, which fails to include Heathcliffs feelings toward her, shows that this love, the love for Heathcliff, is much harder to explain, hence she can find no words to describe it, compared to that of her love with Edgar.She later goes on to explain how in a dream, she visions herself in heaven and how she broke her heart with weeping to come back to earth This could be considered a vision into the future, in which due her decision, the decision to marry Edgar, she would eventually be in heaven, but without Heathcliff. Yet again, referenc e to how she cannot describe that it is Heathcliff she cannot lodge in closing or life without and how it is Heathcliff of which she feels the strongest love towards, is apparent.Further into the extract, Catherine finally is truthful to Nelly on how she sincerely feels, and how those feelings are towards Heathcliff. Yet, although she is honest, she stills refers back to how she should be moral, It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff so he shall neer know I love him. How Catherine admits her love, although may not have been best said, the fact that she can say she loves Heathcliff, and with such emotion and sadness, shows that a truer love runs through their relationship, compared to that she has with Edgar.She later says that Heathcliff is more herself than what she is. This reference, of two people living like one, shows furthermore, that their love is stronger, and more possessive, a love in which two people cannot be themselves without the other. Heathcliffs love for Cathe rine is briefly described by Nelly to Catherine, in which her honesty startles her. Enlightening Catherine to exactly what it is Heathcliff would lose a friend and love, and all further distresses Catherine, in which she reveals her true reasons for marrying Edgar, which are to help Heathcliff.Although the plan, as Nelly describes as nonsense, would fail to ever work, the reason in which she has do the plan, in order to rescue Heathcliff from her brother, shows that theyre love runs deeper still. The shrewdness in which in runs, in which she feels it is her duty to save Heathcliff from his perils rather than marry him as he is, shows how Catherine idioticness and young, foolish mind cannot comprehend how she should react to her feelings for Heathcliff. Pages 146 -149 In pages 146-149, it is activatede clear to us that Catherine, clearly ill, is sure to die, and requests that Heathcliff be by her side.This instantly shows that a dying person last wish, in some cases, would be to be near those they love dearly and truly, and in this case, Catherines is Heathcliff. His love for her is also apparent, he bestowed more kisses than ever he gave in his life before through the core of kisses sent upon her. His love through his actions for her as she lays dying, is also further insight as to how hes felt about anyone else, as the amount of kisses he places upon her, are more than those for anyone else, and most likely, those that mean more.The use of earnestly shows yet again, the possessiveness they share for each other and how one can surely not strip to see the other in weakness, not knowing that it is their love, that has made them weak towards each other. Even as Catherine continues to lie dying, she tortures Heathcliff by not revealing her feelings truly to him, the feelings she holds so tightly for him, jokingly mentioning that him and Edgar have broken her heart. The quotation, possibly meaning that having chosen Edgar over Heathcliff, and Heathcliffs dep arture, that he broke her heart, and by still choosingEdgar, he broke hers by not being able to love Heathcliff truthfully, yet it could also mean that by living with Heathcliff and by leaving him in her death, she will have lost him both to Edgar, and therefore her heart has been broken twice. Further reference to how the two loves cannot live by themselves, is that of when Heathcliff exclaims how he could as soon lug her as his existence. The continued reference of two hearts that can only live as one, constantly runs through their story, making their love the most healthy in the whole two-parted story.Catherine then goes on to admit that she cannot wish to be parted from Heathcliff once more. Referred to as Mrs Linton during the scene yet again, shows how they have been parted in live, as the name Linton is a constant reminder of how Catherines blindness encouraged her to choose loyalty and morality, over true love. During Catherines death, Heathcliff requests to know wherefo re she betrayed her heart and why if shed loved him, what right she had to leave him.Catherines response to Heathcliffs begs for answers are that she is dying for her mistakes, and she believes that her death is due to her bad decisions made in life, that she is forced to live without Heathcliff in the most harshest of ways. The love between Heathcliff and Catherine is apparent from the beginning, and it is also clear that she doesnt share the same love for Edgar as she does for Heathcliff. A love of which aches, and turns individuals mad in their own lives, is the strongest in the book and especially in these scenes. A love of morality compared to that of a possessive, true love, wins no prizes in a competition.

How does Miller present ideas about settling for half in the play? Essay

One of the strongest messages that milling machine presents roughly cave in for fractional is that there is a need to find for half between Sicilian morals and the US uprightness system. At the beginning of the play, the chorus figure, Alfieri, states how we settle for half and we like it, and this settling for half is again repeated at the repeal of the play. It is credibly that Alfieri is a figure of authorial intrusion, and so these views about settling for half are likely to be Millers own. Because Alfieri is a lawyer, he is naturally a symbol of the US Law system. He is described to be in his fifties, turning gray. This is peradventure used by Miller to suggest that the US Law system is 50 years out of date, and the fact that he is turning gray could be symbolic of how the US Law System is becoming increasingly out of date.Furthermore, the illustration of gray hair could be a blend between the black and white US Law system, and so, through this, it is likely that Miller is trying to convey his own thoughts of the workings of the US Law System. However, Miller also criticises the Sicilian moral code, by portraying Marcos downfall. Initially, the audience are told that Marco arrives to earn money to provide for his family. However, his belief in Italian Morals, and the belief that all the law is not in a book results in him killing Eddie, and therefore, having no choice but to be deported back to Italy.He even states that in my country he would be dead now, and this is used to highlight the severity and ruthlessness that the Italian Morals can die hard with. Through the fact that neither men get what they want through the US Law system, and Alfieri states that there is nothing you can do and that the hearing is fitting a formality, but also that the reliance on Italian morals leads to the downfall of both men, it is possible that Miller is trying to showcase the need to settle for half between the US Law system and the Italian moral code.Furthermo re, Miller portrays messages about settling for half through the portrayal of Beatrice, and especially suggests ideas about the need to settle for half between the roles of a loyal housewife and a strong female personality. From the outset of the play, Beatrice is portrayed as a loyal, sanely stereotypical 1950s housewife. She is seen to start into the kitchen, and state that I was gonna wash the walls, showing how she is responsible for housekeeping, but she is also portrayed as independent in the sort that she is seen to do these things without any prompting or command. However, she is also portrayed as someone who is not afraid to challenge Eddie.Throughout the poem, she is seen to say phrases such(prenominal) as Shes no baby no more and When am I gonna be a wife again. The fact that she questions somewhat masculine responsibilities such as Eddies sexuality and the future of the children is somewhat unstereotypical of a 1950s housewife, and so, this would be somewhat shocking o r surprising to the audience. In fact, at the end of the play, Beatrices final thrust is to turn toward him instead of running away, which shows that she is the only one in the play to challenge Eddies questionable behaviour, in a play full of turning away and covering the eyes, and this leads to Beatrice assuming a sort of heroine role in the play, and in fact, Beatrices actions are those which bring about Eddies catharsis characteristic of a Greek Tragedy-style play.This causes Eddie to realise his love for Beatrice, and while he dies, he calls Oh, B, My B, which is indicative of the metempsychosis of Eddies affection for Beatrice. However, this unstereotypical yet powerful behaviour leads to Beatrice becoming quite a tragic character in the play, with Eddie dying in her arms, and so, Miller is possibly trying to suggest that there is a need to settle for half between the roles of an independent powerful figure and a loyal housewife.In addition, Miller presents the need to settl e for half through the presentation of Eddie. Initially, we can see that Eddies love for Catherine may not be purely platonic, as he greatly enjoys the event of Catherine showing off her new dress to him, and states that he thinks its beautiful. It is down to the actor whether this phrase is mutter subconsciously or not, but it is evident that Eddies emotions and feelings for Catherine are possibly overflowing and he cannot keep them in.However, when Rodolpho enters the scene and essentially takes Catherine away from him, Eddie is unable to settle for half, and his black-market flaw, which is his desire for total control, causes him to inform on the immigrants, which eventually leads to his own demise. The fact that he is unable to settle for half in a familial loving relationship with Catherine, and still allow Catherine herself to be in a loving relationship with Rodolpho is essentially the deciding factor in Eddies death, and the actions of Rodolpho, as easy as this inability to settle for half is what essentially accelerates Eddies tragic demise and his catharsis. Perhaps, through this, Miller is trying to suggest that an inability to settle for half will only in our demise.

Walmart vs Amazon

Oder advancener and qualifiers Today there are over 4,000 Walmart Stores in the U. S. and over 3,000 internationally. In other side, virago is the cosmoss largest online retailer. so both of them must be covering the elements of business quite well. There are several aspects that I want to talk how they win secernates from customers. First, both of them bind a low price of their products. Second, they have fantastic quality management and customer services. Finally, their deliveries are satisfied by customers. First, both of them have a low price of their products. Wal-mart gives an advertisement that said Low Prices.Every Day. Everywhere. Wal-mart has focused on low cost leadership, low operation and production costs in order to ensure that each produce has the low possible price. Therefore, in customers mind, they impart think Wal-mart equals to the lowest prices. There is a disadvantage of Wal-mart. If Wal-mart groundworknot provide the lowest price one day, then customers will be no need to shop at Wal-mart. For Amazon, its strategies of low price are totally different from Wal-mart. Customers can get the lowest price of products from Amazon because customers can compete with Amazon on Amazon.It means there are multiple prices for a product on Amazon. Then, you can find the lowest price. In addition, sometimes, Amazon will provide some price polices. For example, if customers bought products from Amazon. Then the price drops. Customers can get some refund from Amazon. Also, if customers buy products very often, they can be Amazons prime. Customers should pay about seventy dollars per year. Then, they can get cheaper price of the product compare with oecumenical customers. Moreover, customers can get take over shipping or shipping in a shorter time of some products. Furthermore, customers can shop through using Amazon credit card.They can get 3% back on anything they buy from Amazon, 2% back at gas stations, restaurants, and drug stores, and 1% ba ck on anything from any other retailer. Second, they have fantastic quality management and customer services. Wal-mart has a strong focus on better quality. It worked with several hundred suppliers and products interrogation facilities. They will test more than 5,250 products to ensure vast value quality is equal to or better conduct more than 2,700 consumers to compare the flavor, aroma, texture, color, and appearance of great value products Change the formulas for 750 items including breakfast ereal, cookies, yogurt, laundry detergent, and paper towels and Introduce more than 80 new products, such as thin crust pizza, fat free caramel swirl ice cream, strawberry yogurt, organic cage-free eggs, double stuffed sandwich cookies, teriyaki beef jerky and more, all at unbeatable prices. From Amazon, it has customer product come off under each product, so customers can see what other customers thought. They will know the product quality is good or bad. Then, they will decide whether they will buy it or not. Furthermore, it is very easy to return products to Amazon. Finally, their deliveries are satisfied by customers.Walmart can deliver product to your door, and the product price is the same as in store. From Amazon, as I mentioned before, customers can be the Amazon prime. Then, they can get free shipping or shipping in a shorter time. In additional, Amazon does international shipping. It is very convenient for international students. Furthermore, it can guarantee accelerated delivery. Amazon. com offers Guaranteed Accelerated Delivery dates on select items when you choose Express shipping. If your order doesnt arrive by the Guaranteed Accelerated Delivery date, your shipping charges will automatically be refunded.

International trade as opportunity for workers Essay

When is external trade an opportunity for workers? When is it a threat to workers? worldwide trade is rewarding as it is unsatisfying when it comes to the average worker. When a novel business is started for that region or ara jobs are expanded merely because it is expected that it will be at a rate of lower woo production along with less expense on product materials. The more the business is in demand the more job opportunities a created or expanded. In some incidents, not so much in Mexico, but in different areas it has resulted in the local economy struggling with jobs. In some unseasoned found companies or businesses, they find that bringing in pre-trained employees (especially white collar employees) and resources fair better than working with the local nationals in that area. This very well could take place in Mexico for different types of businesses, but it is still unlikely for the mere reason of bidding for the local support.Economic prosperity is a large reason for In ternational trade, but along with the wealth is a better chance of rules, regulations, and benefits from employees with the new found business. The laws enforced by International trade agreements tend to stress more worker related issues than that of a host nation of many second or third world countries. If the benefits and laws all improve the locals views on the new business then a better turnout and support structure will follow for everyone involved. The best example of this is how NAFTA has implemented change and looks to run through this enforced by all countries that agree to the terms with in the agreement.What are some of the major challenges confronting the international trading system?International trading has a plethora of challenges that barricade the system before any true benefits are reveled. Among these challenges are the social structure indifferences that are displayed between countries as it pertains to business plans and the calve of revenue between parties. W ith the continuing differences between international organizations, too much red tape is casted over many prime opportunities for growth between organizations. Therefore, set that represent democratic, political and economic principles are what international organizations should be about (Moore, 1999).In addition to the government and political structures that cause challenges for international trading systems, graphic resources are a key deterrent in international trade. In places like South America where the lumber and logging business is prosperous, many international trades are restrained from outside agencies coming into that region and depleting the resources more than they already have been depleted. The entire world is feeling the effects of what is considered to be the green rest home effect and the environmental issues that face every country range in lack of natural resources in different areas to natural disasters that alter the way the land, structures, and businesse s are ran. International trade faces the constant change of supply and demand and while the world has always relied on fossil fuels for power or postcode, new forms of energy are being developed that shows that international trade varies from one day to the next with its challenges.ReferenceKongsrud, P.M. and I. Wanner (2005), _The Impact of Structural Policies on Trade-related Adjustments and the Shift to Services_, OECD economic science Department, Working Papers, No. 427, Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http//www.oecd.org/dataoecd/49/29/20686301.HTMMoore, M. (1999, September 28). _Changes for the global trading system in the new millenium_. Retrieved December 1, 2008, from WTO News http//www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres99_e/pr139_e.htm

The Realities of Slavery and the Black Movement as Reflected in August Wilson’s Joe Turner’s Come and Gone

sublime Wilson is a great playwright and this pile be proved by his numerous plays. However, more than being a great playwright, August Wilson is a great man who had the capability to make the world see the reality rump the African thr either. In this paper, one of August Wilsons play will be analyzed through the historical context of which the slavery is involved. Joe Turners summon and Gone is a very gripping play which shows the drama and the reality of life at the same time which is sometimes what literature should be all active or what literature is trying to depict.Literature has been known to record and to advert as a witness to the various dramatic and historical events of life. The notion of whether literature is really a record in itself can be also true since authors, novelist, and poets alike bring forth been either inspired by the events that atomic number 18 happening most them or want to record the harsh realities and brutalities brought by Man and by Natu re and to Man and to Nature. Thus, it is not question sufficient why literature has made so much impact in the lives of some(prenominal) tribe as it enables them to be inspired by what they read or what they are seeing.Sometimes, literature is still able to reflect the whole being of a person or as a mirror to a whole nations dreams and ambitions. August Wilson was able to do twain his poems and plays are able to reflect his ainity while at the same time showing the rest of the world the realities of the harsh slavery brought to African-Americans. The most wondrous thing about August Wilson is the fact that the actual slavery or the actual moments of brutalities are left to the imagination of the readers or viewers what the audience is sounding into are the after-effects of slavery and discrimination.The actual scenes are not present in the play what is present is the psychological state of the temperaments as they set about life sentence in their respective environments ? What is more is that the actual environment of the play is in itself a purpose. This is the case in August Wilsons play, Joe Turners Come and Gone. A Brief Overview of Joe Turners Come and Gone The play in its entirety is very enthralling both in its complexity and simplicity. It seems that there is no one central and main character that the audience is to decide who the real protagonist and antagonist are in the play is the cause of the complexity.Not realizing that it was one person all throughout as it would be exclusively revealed at the actual end or culmination of the play is what makes it actually simple. Joe Turners Come and Gone begins in the small town of Pittsburghs pile which is actually the place of birth of August Wilson. This is very significant as the area contains a very rich and diverse racial background which contributes to the composition of the personality of the playwright as well as the personalities (or their lack of) of the characters of his play.None theless, the play concentrates on the race of the African-Americans and the aftermath of the slavery they experienced. It opens with a couple by the signalize of Seth and Bertha Holly who are arguing over a strange man by the name of Bynum Walker. Bynum is a traditional African man who still practices the tradition and thus earning the spite of Seth since Bynum kills the pigeons for his rituals. Seth owns a rental place wherein visitors can rent rooms, and Bynum is one of those renters. The play progresses with the coming of Herald Loomis and his daughter and Zonia who are in search of Martha, Heralds wife, and Zonias mother.Martha supposedly left when Joe Turner, a brutal and notorious man, got to Herald Loomis and enslaved him. The arrival of Herald becomes the catalyst as the turn of events happens. There are other characters in the play as well, but Herald and his story are what is the most important. Seth initially does not trust Herald, but later on on learns that Herald is actually unable to do things normally like talking, relating, and forming relationships with people because of what happened to him in the past.As the play progresses, the audience or readers soon line that Herald once served Joe Turner a very ruthless man who enslaves Africans or African-Americans. Because of this, Herald disjointed his personality as a character and his have sex patriotism for his culture and country. In fact, during one Bynums rituals, the renters of Seth gather and together sing the juba. Herald gets enraged by this, and it is in this scene that Bynum informs him that Herald has lost his outcry.Of course, this has extreme significance as the Africans are very talented people and would perform many songs and dances in their rituals and traditions. Thus, if Herald loses his song, then it could just mean that he has lost his heritage, and this is most likely due to what Joe Turner has done to him. Later on, Martha, Heralds wife, returns and begs him to welcom e Jesus since it is through Jesus that Herald would be able to forgive, live, and move up his missing song. However, Heralds becomes angry at this and lashes out that no Jesus or god has come to his aid when he needed a Jesus or a god.In Heralds anger, he hurts himself and bleeds. With this furious act of intentionally hurting himself, Herald announces that he has freed himself and finally finds his own song. He leaves the rental place and the people behind, and thus, the play ends. The Man Behind the Play In Mary Bogumils book entitled Understanding August Wilson, we are given a brief compute of August Wilsons past as well as the things that have inspired him. Most important to mention is his participation in the Black Movement. In fact, his plays serve as a proof to this.August Wilsons ten plays which symbolize the ten decades of the slavery brought to Africans and African-Americans are full of suffering, pain as well as repurchase of the characters. The Black Movement can be co nsidered as the action of the African-Americans for equality and moreover is for respect. It is a well known fact that they have suffered tremendously when it comes to slavery and discrimination. The time of the early 90s has been times of misery for them but they have endured greatly. A person can only imagine what could have happened even before that. superstar great and terrible account is the famous Middle Passage. According to the Resource Bank, the Middle Passage was considered as one of the most terrible things that happened to the Africans. They were treated as commodity and were forcefully brought to the shores of the tungsten to become as slaves. From the moment that they were bought by the English or by the Americans, the start of their turmoil began. As they travel to the West they are deprived of basic rights such as sleeping quarters, sufficient food and water and care.In fact, during the Middle Passage, a lot of Africans died due to sickness. some would attempt to starve themselves so they would not endure the hardships anymore. However, the English or Americans (depending on who bought them) would force them to eat as they want slaves who would serve them or slaves whom they can sell. This continued for many years, thus the connotation that Africans were inferior or low-lifes started as they were transported as slaves. Once they reach the shores of the West, more suffering awaits them as they are ill treated by the White Americans or the English.This occurrence could have been one of things which have awakened August Wilson to the unjust treatment of the white people to the Africans or African-American. As the mother of August Wilson is an African, it is natural that she would have history or know the real story of what happened to Africans. Because of this August Wilson became an active advocate and pioneer for the rights and for the fight of the African nation. However, this fight would be long and enduring as the Africans or African-Amer icans would suffer and be miserable in the hands of the white people for many years.In fact, even in the modern times that society experiences today, there are still many African-Americans, even Hispanics and Asians who suffer discrimination tremendously. Considering the fact that death chair Barrack Obama has won, there is still a tantamount of discrimination experienced by many people. The Beliefs and Principles of the Peoples Playwright as Reflected in the Play As such, it is only natural that August Wilson who was dubbed as the Peoples Playwright by James Keller would naturally be inspired by his heritage and what other races has done to his people.He is dubbed as the peoples playwright not because he is very famous for his numerous plays but because his plays served as the eyes, ears, and voices of the people. What he has done is to say what the people are feeling, to makes others feel what they have felt and most of all, to make others people see that there was injustice don e which has been imprinted into the hearts and souls of the African race. When Kim Pereira wrote a book about August Wilson is in a journey or in an odyssey because of the plays that he wrote, it is both true and false.August Wilson did went to a tour to discover his roots but most of all, the voyage he has were together with other people of the African race who have felt and experienced what he has written about. Conclusion The greatest thing about August Wilson and the play is the fact that the play in itself is a declaration that he is proud of his African heritage, even if he had to go to a voyage just to find it. This voyage or journey of August Wilson is by no means an actual adventure. This voyage is more historical, mental, psychological and personal all at the same time.August Wilson had to reconnect with the actual events that have happened in the past so the characters can have their own personality and history. However, more than bringing coloration and personality to his character, August Wilson is making means for them to find their own voices which was the whole point of the play as it is the climactic and dramatic theme of the whole work. That the character of Herald Loomis is unable to have any character at all is what the whole play was driving at.As according to Bynum Walker, Herald has lost his song (Wilson, p. 73) which could also translate to a persons being. In fact, Herald was so affected by what has happened to him that he cannot function normally. In conclusion, the play does indeed show August Wilsons belief and principles in an implicit way one has to only look at the character of Herald Loomis and realize that more than finding his own personal song, he symbolizes the unearthing of the Africans yearning for freedom, redemption, forgiveness, and most of allacceptance.

Analysis Of Arthur Miller’s Death Of A Salesman Essay

This American drama was first premiered in 1949. It was an instant winner and it also won Arthur moth miller a place among one of the best American playwrights of the 20th century. It was a satirical attack on the swell American Dream of prosperity and material wealth and had also ch in allenged the ideals of the past 160 years that constituted such ambitiousnesss. This exemplary play by Arthur Miller is a modern masterpiece, in which the inherent conditions of humankind existence and a fierce battle to fight through it, is lived by the protagonist Willy Loman, that in the long top ends in a tragedy called, death.Willy Loman is a disillusioned sixty three year old man who has trouble distinguishing between past and present, and reality and illusions. His illusory beliefs draw an crusade curtain before his sensibilities and he refuses to see the reality of his abject conditions. His tragedy lies in the fierce determination to fight an impossible battle and to seek silver-tongu ed solutions to his severe economic problems. In his relentless pursuit of an unrealistic dream Willy Loman submerges himself in a know disengagement from reality that brings an end even much tragic than his life.Being an irrepressible old man he never really evaluates or understands the false and incomplete values of a venal American society. He fails to understand the vacuous idea behind the Great American Dream and his limitless hope. A similar theme had been portrayed in The Great Gatsby (Fitzgerald) where Gatsby was corrupted by money and dishonesty, and the Great American Dream of happiness and individualism disintegrates into mere pursuit of wealth.Although Gatsby had the power to turn his dream into reality, the character of cut discovers that both Gatsbys dream and the American dream is over. In the same way, Wills persistent struggle against the forces of entropy in his life leads him to neurosis, and finally suicide. Theater is an imagined beingness, inhabited by imag inary characters, but tragedy strikes one and all, and the nature of tragedy is to hit our deepest consciousness and invade our sensibilities with its prolonged stay.Robert A Martin says in his essay, The Nature of Tragedy What the performance of a play gives an consultation is less a set of ideas, propositions or abstraction about life and how to live it than what Arthur Miller has called a felt experience, the imaginative sharing and participation in the lives and actions of imaginary characters. In support of what Robert A Martin says, Willy Lomans character pulls the audience along with its chain of tragedies and leaves one with a feeling of acute distress, but more than a felt experience it also gives one an insight into the inherent realities of human tragedies.In Death of a salesman the audience watch the tragic collapse of a single individual and the tragedy of the entire family, right before their eyes. The audience leave the auditorium with a whole new set of lessons in life and as Martin says how to live it. In his article Robert A Martin also elaborates on the vicarious influences of a tragedy, on the person, who watching it with a detached sense of belongingness. He says, Theatre is the art of the possible and as we read the play we believe that Willy Lomans tragedies atomic number 18 not unbelievable or fictitious although his character was an imagination of the playwright Arthur Miller.As Aristotle said that Tragedy is something that evokes the emotions of pity and fear in the armorial bearing of an action of a certain magnitude. Willy Loman also falls into the trap of tragedy and as the nature of tragedy is, it brings about a fear in him. Willy tries to run away from that fear and refuses to call for his misfortunes and his failures. It mostly happens with dramatic experiences that our thoughts and emotions often correspond with those of the characters we watch in a play we weep, smile and get moved by their performances. It continues t o stimulate and engage us directly in our social, moral and political questions.The audience too goes through an inveterate interchange of pity and fear at bottom his mind as he watches a human being go through a painful hell, which is in Millers view ascribable to his own obduracy. Death of a salesman is not just a tale of tragedy that happens to a broken, exhausted man, but is also a caustic attack on the American Dream of achieving wealth and success with no regards to principals and values of life. Willy Loman became a household name after the play was released and became a profound modelling of a tragic life, bowed down by struggles to cope up with a capitalistic society.Willy Lomans tragedy does not lie just in his miserable economic condition, but also in his misplaced sense of pride. In the play he takes loans from his neighbor Charley to make both ends meet, but refuses to accept the offer of a stop job from him. His warped sense of pride comes in the way of his chances to improve his conditions. His refusal to accept reality is a tragedy larger than his dismal life, and it exasperates his son Biff with whom he had a troubled relationship. Willy refused to accept that his sons are also failures such as him, and in order to make their lives better he falls into a trap of further hopelessness. A mans descent to failure is horrendous to contemplate. Whatever line of work you are in, we are all salesmen, selling our products, our services, our selves.Says Wills meighbor Charley , in a line that crystallizes the anxiety of uncountable men everywhere, not just in America And when they stick out not smiling back. employers, partners, customers- Thats an earthqauke. ( Kilnghoffer, Undying Salesman, 1999). Willy Loman suffered from a feverish and unrealistic hopefulness and guilt of having failed his sons, and also the refusal to accept certain facts of life.The neurosis that set in him change his life, and also him led to suicide. His death was per haps a bigger tragedy than his life because it proved to be the final blow to the grief stricken family. collectable to his persistent stubbornness he believed the notion that one is often worth more dead than alive (Miller, Pg76) and commits suicide, so that his family gets the insurance money and his sons lead a better life with that money, than he did when he was alive. Willy did not realize that insurance money is invalidated when a person commits suicide.As Biff says at the graveyard, He had the wrong dreams. All, all wrong. In this play tragedy is on two fronts. One is literal, when Willy dies after an unrelenting wrestle with his fate, and another is a emblematical death, that was the death of the American Dream, or ridding of a false notion of perfection. Willys guilt, his idolization of his sons and his constantly haunting memory of his brother turns his life into a drab tragedy and he lives through it all with an immature sense of unreality.In trying to project himsel f as an ideal father and salesman he plunges himself into an illusory world where he never really grew up. Im gonna show you and everybody else that Willy Loman did not die in vain. He had a good dream. Its the only dream you can have- to come out number one man. He fought it out here, and this is where Im gonna win it for him. (Miller, Death of a Salesman, Act2) The misfortune of Willy was that he essay to retrieve his lost dignity and his familys love and also a magnified image of himself as an ideal salesman and father, on the last day of his life, and loses all.His complete disengagement from reality is what the tragedy is all about. It evokes the pity and fear that Aristotle spoke about in Poetics (330 BC). The character of Willy Loman is befitting the concepts of Aristotles Tragedy. True to life (realistic), agreement ( align to themselves) meaning, once a characters motivation and personality are established these should continue throughout the play. Necessary or probable meaning, characters must be logically constructed according to the law of probability or necessity that govern the actions of the play.Finally, true to life and yet more beautiful (idealized, ennobled). Death of a Salesman has that true to life aspect, depicting the fact that any middle class man with limited means, would get into the delusionary world of dreams and aspirations of more wealth and the terrifying darkness that lies turn beneath such unrealism. Consistency of the portrayal is apparent in Lomans relentless pursuit of an elusive life.The necessary probability is the fact that such a dogged belief in illusionary world nearly always creates a graph of downward slide in a persons life. True to life, is the condition of tension that is life and human existence. Death of a Salesman is a modern masterpiece that celebrates, as Chris Bigsby expressively states, the miracle of human life, in all its bewilderments, its betrayals, its denials, but finally and most significantly, its transcendent worth. (Poet, 723).

Reasons for Studying English Translation Essay

Translation studies, in recent years, have become more prominent among different fields of study. Each year with more journals and essays being produce concerning this major, more attention is focused on it and more students are attracted towards it. There are different reasons for people to focus on this field of study. Reasons such as field of interest, communication aims, job opportunities, etc are some of them which are explained in what follows.The firs reason for most translation students is that this major is included in their field of interest. This is an congenital ability in some people to learn different languages easier and faster and therefore to make use of them to convey their messages and ideas to other people with different languages from theirs. In other words they enjoy communicating with people in two or more languages, so they might follow their interests and choose this major.The next is that the indispensableness for communication among people and government s increases day by day. People of different dry lands make to know about sciences and technologies newly discovered. To keep them informed about these new events, governments need translators to convey their scientists findings to the languages of other nations. This is also true about different cultures of different countries. All in all translation studies has made the communication between cultures and nation easier and more purposeful.Moreover, since this is a major involved in different majors and people need translators to translate contents of other sciences to other languages, there a great deal seems to be many job opportunities for those interested in this subject matter. In short, it should be taken into consideration that different people have different reasons for choosing this major. that whatever the reasons might be translation studies has found its way among different majors and will progress to make communication even better and easier.

Main Types of New Year’s Resolutions

New Years Resolutions Apart from the endless cups of tea with Christmas sweets, the great fun and the inmense seventh heaven that we experience by the end of the year and the beginning of a unexampled one, the New Year is besides the traditional time to make resolutions, which are plans to improve oneself. Resolutions are basically promises to oneself, and like promises, you either respect them or break them. That is to say, you are either successful in donjoning your plans, or you are non and you go back to your old habits.The vast majority of people think that they need a rude(a) lifestyle, a change, or a recommitment as an individual. The aim of most resolutions is to turn over a new leaf. That is, to make yourself better by changing your routines and habits. It is like making a fresh, new start in your life. Generally in that respect are two main types of resolutions give up or take up. A lot of people say that their New Years Resolutions are to give up a bad habit or to take up a new hobby.Personally, I think that what I would just like to do is carry on working hard carry on creation happy and healthy. I plan to keep on studying, keep on exercising ( I hankering I could do it quite often in 2012), keep on eating well and keep on sleeping well, keep on getting on well with my family and friends. And thats about it, there is nothing else. Nothing to a fault big, nothing too heavy, because experience tells me that if you try to ask yourself to do too much stuff, it will eventually not happen.

Mental mindset paper Essay

Assume you work in Human Resources as a part of the management team for AAA acid in Waukegan, WI, which has recently been acquired. AAA Transportation is an interstate trucking company that specializes in transporting wholesale produce in refrigerated trailers throughout the Midwest. The sweet owners want to make some sweeping changes in the services offered.One of the things that they would like to do is supplement delivery of nonperishable products, such as canned foods, to their delivery routes, allowing AAA to boom out the area they cover and to erect expanded service to their real customers. They think that, because many of the routes do not require a rise load on the trucks, there is room to add thenonperishable goods and provide delivery at a get smoothen rate than the customers are now paying.Two of your coworkers, Vernon and bud, are resistant to the changes proposed by the spick-and-span owners. Vernon supervises the companys drivers and develop works in the corp orate offices.Vernon does not think that it is a good idea to expand out of their core business, while Bud thinks that AAA is not strong enough to compete with existing companies that service the nonperishable foods market (several of whom AAA has had a long history of mutually respecting each others customers and routes) they risk disaffect long-term customers and transporting nonperishable goods in refrigerated trailers is inefficient. Both employees kick in been with the company for more than 20 years and have much influence among the rest of the employees.Management does not want to terminate such long-term and important employees but need for Vernon and Bud to join the effort to make the company successfulWrite a 1,050- to 1,400-word piece of music in which you define and discuss rational standard/mindsets and their impact on you and your twocoworkers. pick up the four steps to changing genial models/mind sets and how you could use them to bring Vernon and Bud onto the te am.Identify the quin forces that influence those mental model/mindsets of your coworkers and discuss how those forces major motive affect your coworkers mindsets.Include samples of what mental models/mindsets are peradventure affecting Vernon and Buds decision-making processes and affecting their relationship with the company.Analyze your most commonly used mental models/mindsets that contain your decision making in the workplace. How do these models influence your decision making?Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines and howIdentify the four steps to changing mental models/mind sets and how you could use them to bring Vernon and Bud onto the teamThe first step is to recognize the superpower and curtails of the models. The second step is to test the relevance of the mental models against changing environment and to generate new models. The third step is to overcome inhibitors such as lose of training, lack of trust, desire to hold on to old patterns, and the exp ectations of the others. The final step is to implement the model, assess the model and continuously strengthen the model (Crook, Wind, Gunther, 2005, p. xxiv).Identify the five forces that influence those mental model/mindsets of your coworkers and discuss how those forces might affect your coworkers mindsetsThe Porter Five Forces model helps to simplify the business decision-making process by breaking down business situations into five key areas, which include Supplier fountain, Buyer Power, Competitive Rivalry, holy terror of Substitution and Threat of New ledger entry (Mind Tools, 2011). By using this model to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a business and its competitors, aspects of risk, planning and decisions for a course of action can be clarified. However, an incorrect perception in any of the five areas could puddle a mindset that limits decision-making process (Malone-Kline, 2008). For example, a known weakness in the areas of Buyer Power, Supplier Power or T hreat of Substitution could create the mindset of vulnerability to aThreat of New Entry without recognizing that an extremely high cost of entry (hence high risk) places any new entry in a more vulnerable position (Mind Tools, 2011). A large number of suppliers can result in a mindset of relative strength in the area of supplier power, a mental model that could resurrect disastrous if a emergent shortage occurred (such as was the case when Japanesesilicon chip manufacturers close down after the recent earthquakes, causing a worldwide shortage of certain high type chips).The inverse could also be true as was the case for Buyer Power in the U.S. accommodate market when the low buyer power mindset for many was not in line with the sudden drop in housing prices. For many computer manufacturers, a Threat of Substitution position of power mindset resulted in their demise because they did not recognize the fact that the market was oversaturated.A mindset or mental model of weakness in the area of Competitive Rivalry has resulted in many new inventions not being introduced to market when in fact the invention technology was superior to rivals. Apple is a great example of a company that has recently been successful through a change in mindset in a market where their Competitive Rivalry position and mindset was not good only thirteen years ago (Business Insider, 2010).Include examples of what mental models/mindsets are possibly affecting Vernon and Buds decision-making processes and affecting their relationship with the companyAnalyze your most commonly used mental models/mindsets thatguide your decision making in the workplace. How do these models influence your decision makingHow might mental models and mindsets limit the decision making process. Education, training, influence from others, rewards or incentives and personal experience all help to create our mental model and mindset of the world around us. These factors can shape our expectations such that we mak e decisions based upon our mental model rather than based upon the information presented to us.For example, if we have a high level of faith in the truth of the information learned through the education process and information to the contrary is presented as a decision factor, because the information is contrary to the mental model created through our education, the new but contrary information is set aside as invalid and decisions are made based upon the mental model. Another example would be making the decision to enter a market where competition is high and so it the power of substitution.If your mental model shaped by personal experience leads you to believe that substitution is less of a factor than it really is, you may opt to take therisk and enter that market, ignoring the substitution factor entirely, resulting in a failed venture.

Diversity: Individual Rights and Social Care Settings Essay

Diversity recognises, take to be and peoples differences to have a say and to realise the complete potential by promoting different cultures to all members of staff and students within a school. within schools diversity is promoted from an primordial age because of mixed classes of boys and girls and children from different cultures. Children will learn from being in school that every remainss different but we treat them equally.An example of this is another godliness could be in the criteria so the children learn about another religion other than theirs. While they learn about another religion they begin to respect it. Diversity is very all-important(prenominal) when relating to the health and mixer aid settings depending on the c ar setting because people are taking care of other peoples necessarily and this shows the cares will show respect towards others difference which they might encounter in every day works life.Equality Equality is ensuring individuals or groups of individuals are treat fairly and equally. An example of this could be within a work place where an employer doesnt employ a certain person because they are a different race, nationality, age or sex. Within a hospital the members of staff have different ranking orders depending on their job title, even though a surgeon has a higher ranking to a nurse it doesnt mean they washstand treat them differently because their job titles.For example a surgeon might look down on the nurse because he/she is lower in the ranking table than them but everyone is equal and should be tempered equally. In everyday life within a health and social care setting it is important for all members of staff working within them to ensure they treat everyone is treated fairly even if they are not the same as the other person next to them because everyone is different but should be treated with equal rights.Individual rights An individual right is a legal term referring to what one persons principles do and what can be done to/for an individual. Within a residential care home there might be some people who cannot look after themselves and some that may not be able to talk. Just because they cannot communicate they still have their individual right to their basic needs and what they command to do.Even if the client has a medical problem they are still entitled to their ndividual rights unless they are not mentally capable to look after themselves. Individual rights are equally important to the health and social care settings when refereeing to the individuals needs because the carers need to take into account the patients and clients individual needs and if they cannot do it for themselves the carers will and will also have to take into account the individual rights of that person when working with them on a daily basis in some cases.

Say You’re One of Them

In many respects, the worlds attention has shied away from young Africa in recent days, most desirely due to the unsteady domestic situations in new(prenominal) part of the world. Recently, however, the collection of stories written by Uwem Akpan, Say Youre One of Them, has brought back to the forefront all of the pain sensation and challenge of life in Africa at the present time. The humanity that comes through the words not neverthe slight if tugs at the heartstrings of the reader, but also makes strong statements about cultural conflict, class struggles and other social phenomena.This projectk forget not only discuss Akpans work, but also these intertwined issues within the work. Ultimately, the work will be better appreciated and understood, but also, juvenile issues will be brought to light. Discussion of the Various Issues of ethnic Conflict within the Story When the research was introduced, the point was make that Akpans work was not only deeply emotional, but als o makes strong cultural statements. Taking that assertion a step still is contingent when using specific examples from the work to identify and discuss the various aspects of cultural conflict to be found in the story.The first of the areas of cultural conflict which emerges in the work is the vast divide in the midst of the economic classes within modern Africa. An early story in the work tells of a young boy whose sister turns to street prostitution in order for him to be able to afford to attend school- a blatant attempt to escape the lower class and ascend in African society. So aggravated is this desire to advance that extreme measures are taken by poor Africans to make ends meet When tyke was born, we pawned three quarters of his clothes to defray debts (Akpan, 2008, p. 13).Therefore, fellow Africans are in fact culturally shared along economic lines, despite hailing from the same homeland. Language is also a dividing factor in modern day Africa, or more specifically, t he way that some one(a)s voice sounds not only could mint them apart from others in a cultural context, but in fact could lead to bodily reproach for those of one culture who encounter opposition from another, as seen in this excerpt from the work He was an swooning target for the sporadic violence that seized the landa simple thing like his accent could check him away (Akpan, 2008, p. 93). This is an interesting element of cultural conflict in a highly divers(prenominal) incorrupt- it is a unique type of situation whereby someone who merely speaks in a different way than others could in fact set them apart and lead to fractured subcultures, but that is exactly what Akpan is portraying. Additionally, there is a subculture of violence that is habitual in the Africa of today to be more specific, much of Africa is ruled at the present by pixilated warlords, who essentially build their own armies and make their own rules for their own advancement.Basically, these individuals are using force to alienate and oppress their own fellow Africans, keeping the weak in a state of poverty and preventing them from possible improvements that would allow them to surpass their oppressors Our northern generals are responsible for the extreme poverty in the land (Akpan, 2008, p. 314). Therefore, we see the establishment of a new culture of the powerful over that of the weak. This culture is likewise somewhat restrictive, as the penalty for trying to escape it would be brutality at best, and death at worst.Changes in the refining in the Story In Say Youre One of Them, there are sweeping dislodges to African culture that can be seen when looking more closely at the points that are made in work the culture is essentially shifting from one of proud traditions and an embracing of the diversity of the various nations of the continent to a more divided one, where exits in economic status, language and ability to fight back against those who consider the power to destroy one another has taken precedence (Mwaria, et al, 2004).An important point needs to be made here- although what is happening in Africa according to Akpan is certainly distressing, it is not unique to Africa, nor is it limited to lands where opportunity is less than widely available. This can be pointed out with a look into other cultures where division is complicating matters at present. A Study of Other Cultures Like Africa, the United States is a melting pot of different cultures and also like Africa, has encountered its share of culture clash in recent years.This conflict has taken place in some(prenominal) diverse cultures and has divided people in several different ways. First, along lines of ethnicity, the US has seen a re-create level of awareness of the fundamental differences in human beings as a result of the horrific terrorist acts of phratry 11, 2001 on American soil. Because of this pivotal event, those wishing to immigrate to the US from other nations, whether legally or illegally, open met with opposition ranging from disdain to outrage and acts of unwarranted violence (Moser, 2000).It would seem that like Africa, the diversity of culture that made America such a unique place has been watered down in a defer of prejudice, fear and false impressions about one ethnic group or another. Instead of introducing new cultures into the American landscape and then allowing them to assimilate into the prevailing American culture, people are being excluded from the opportunity to do so from the beginning, not only depriving them of opportunity, but also stifling the advancement of American society from within. Politically, Americans eat also formed subcultures that of late have been in a great deal of conflict.Recent years have seen differences in political mindset become key issues that instead of bringing these individuals together for the interestingness of healthy debate, have in many cases divided individuals to the detriment of the political process (Shogan, 2002). From time to time, this difference has also turned volatile in more than one instance as wars of words sometimes turn into acts of violence. Lastly, class envy is also alive and well in America, creating cultural conflicts, especially disposed(p) the current dire economic climate in the world.Tied closely to the political issues of the nation, economically diverse people are commonly divided by a lack of understanding of each others culture- a culture defined by money and privilege or the absence thereof. boilers suit Analysis of the Reading Akpans book opened the eyes of the researcher in many ways, not the least of which was in terms of gaining an understanding that cultural differences can either create a tremendous blend of different traditions and ideas or can divide people and lead them to destroy others.This realization evoked in the researcher the feeling that diversity must be embraced, lest its power consume and destroy one culture at the hands of anoth er. Conclusion The research has made important points about culture, diversity, and the perpetual change of the human condition. In conclusion, perhaps the best point to take away from the research is the fact that without a tolerance at least and embracing at best of diversity, no one can unfeignedly be free.

Case Nestle

NESTLE CASE turn everywhere snuggle is 1 of the oldest of all multinational businesses. The play along was founded in Switzerland in 1866 by Heinrich draw close, who completed nuzzle to distribute milk food, a type of baby food he had invented that was made from fine-grained milk, parched food, and sugar. From its very early days, the company looked to separate countries for addition opportunities, attaining its first foreign offices in London in 1868. In 1905, the company merged with the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk, thereby broadening the companys product line to accommodate both condensed milk and infant formulas.Forced by Switzerlands small size to look outside its borders for growth opportunities, go up established condensed milk and infant food serveing plants in the United States and Britain in the later(a) 19th century and in Australia, South America, Africa, and Asia in the first three decades of the 20th century. In 1929, go up moved into the chocolate busin ess when it acquired a Swiss chocolate maker. This was followed in 1938 by the growing of clutchs most revolutionary product, Nescafe, the worlds first soluble coffee drink. later on World contend 11, Nestle continued to expand into other atomic number 18as of the food business, primarily through a series of acquisitions that include Maggi (1947), Cross & Blackwell (1960), Findus (1962), Libbys (1970), Stouffers (1973), Carnation (1985), Rowntree (1988), and Perrier (1992). By the late 1990s, Nestle had 500 factories in 76 countries and sold its products in a staggering 193 nations-almost every country in the world. In 1998, the company generated gross revenue of close to SWF 72 billion ($51 billion), solo 1 pct of which occurred in its home country.Similarly, provided 3 percent of its- 210,000 employees were located in Switzerland. Nestle was the worlds biggest maker of infant formula, powdered milk, chocolates, instant coffee, soups, and mineral waters. It was number two in ice cream, breakfast cereals, and pet food. Roughly 38 percent of its food gross sales were made in Europe, 32 percent in the Americas, and 20 percent in Africa and Asia. Management Structure Nestle is a decentralized organization. Responsibility for operating decisions is pushed down to topical anesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic units, which exemplaryly enjoy a high degree f autonomy with see to it to decisions involving pricing, dispersal, foodstuffing, human resources, and so on. At the same time, the company is organized into seven ecumenic strategical business units (SBUs) that comport indebtedness for high- aim strategic decisions and business development. For example, a strategic business unit foc phthisiss on coffee and beverages. another(prenominal) one foc expenditures on confectionery and ice cream. These SBUs engage in overall schema development, including acquisitions and commercialize intromission dodge. In recent years, two-thirds of Nestles growth has come from acquisitions, so this is a critical function.Running in parallel to this structure is a regional organization that divides the world into five major geographical zones, much(prenominal) as Europe, North America and Asia. The regional organizations assist in the overall dodging development process and are responsible for developing regional strategies (an example would be Nestles strategy in the spirit East, which was discussed earlier). Neither the SBU nor regional managers, however, get involved in topical anaesthetic operating or strategic decisions on anything other than an exceptional basis.Although Nestle makes intensive use of local managers to knit its diverse worldwide trading operations together, the company relies on its expatriate army. This consists of about 700 managers who spend the bulk of their careers on foreign assignments, pitiable from one country to the next. Selected primarily on the basis of their ability, drive and go forthingness to live a quasi-nomadic lifestyle, these individuals very much bet in half-a-dozen natiosn during their careers. Nestle also uses management development programs as a strategic tool for creating anesprit de corpsamong managers.At Rive-Reine, the companys international training c record in Switzerland, the company brings together, managers from around the world, at different stages in their careers, for specially targetted development programs of two to three weeks duration. The objective of these programs is to give the managers a better instinct of Nestles culture and strategy, and to give them access to the companys top management. The research and development operation has a special place within Nestle, which is not surprising for a company that was established to commercialize innovative foodstuffs.The R&D function comprises 18 different groups that operate in 11 countries throughout the world. Nestle spends approximately 1 percent of its annual sales revenue on R&D and has 3,100 em ployees dedicated to the function. Around 70 percent of the R&D budget is spent on development initiatives. These initiatives focus on developing products and processes that fulfill food market needs, as identified by the SBUs, in concert with regional and local managers. For example, Nestle instant noodle products were originally developed by the R&D group in result to the perceived needs of local operating companies through the Asiatic region.The company also has longer-term development projects that focus on developing new technological platforms, such as non-animal protein sources or agricultural biotechnology products. A Growth Strategy for the 21stCentury Despite its unchallenged success, Nestle realized by the early 1990s, that it faced significant challenges in maintaining its growth rate. The large occidental European and North American markets were mature. In some(prenominal) countries, population growth had stagnated and in some, there had been a small decline in fo od consumption.The retail environment in legion(predicate) Western nations had live increasingly challenging and the balance of power was shifting away from the large-scale manufacturers of branded foods and beverages, and toward nationwide supermarket and reject chains. Increasingly, retailers found themselves in the unfamiliar side of playing off against individually other manufacturers of branded foods, hence bargaining down prices. Particularly in Europe, this trend was enhanced by the successful introduction of private-label brands by some(prenominal) of Europes leading supermarket chains.The results included increased price competition in several key segments of the food and beverage market, such as cereals, coffee and soft drinks. At Nestle, one response has been to look toward emerging markets in Eastern Europe, Asia and Latin America for growth possibilities. The logic is simple and limpid a combination of economic and population growth, when coupled with the wide spread adoption of market-oriented economic policies by the governments of many developing nations, makes for attractive business opportunities.Many of these countries are still relatively poor, but their economies are growing rapidly. For example, if stream economic growth forecasts occur, by 2010, there will be 700 million people in mainland China and India that have income levels approaching those of Spain in the mid-1990s. As income levels rise, it is increasingly likely that consumers in these nations will start to championship branded food products for basic foodstuffs, creating a large market opportunity for companies such as Nestle.In general, the companys strategy had been to enter emerging markets early before competitors and build a substantial position by selling basic food items that appeal to the local population base, such as infant formula, condensed milk, noodles and tofu. By narrowing its initial market focus to just a handful of strategic brands, Nestle claims it can simplify life, reduce risk, and concentrate its marketing resources and managerial effort on a bound number of key niches. The goal is to build a commanding market position in each of these niches.By pursuing such a strategy, Nestle has taken as much as 85 percent of the market for instant coffee in Mexico, 66 percent of the market for powdered milk in the Philippines, and 70 percent of the markets for soups in Chile. As income levels rise, the company progressively moves out from these niches, introducing more upscale items, such as mineral water, chocolate, cookies, and prepared foodstuffs. Although the company is known worldwide for several key brands, such as Nescafe, it uses local brands in many markets.The company owns 8,500 brands, but only 750 of them are registered in more than one country, and only 80 are registered in more than 10 countries. while the company will use the same global brands in multiple developed markets, in the developing world it focuses on ess ay to optimize ingredients and processing technology to local conditions and then using a brand name that resonates locally. Customization sort of than globalization is the key to the companys strategy in emerging markets. Executing the StrategySuccessful execution of the strategy for developing markets requires a degree of flexibility, an ability to adapt in often unforeseen ways to local conditions, and a long-term perspective that puts building a sustainable business before short-term profitability. In Nigeria, for example, a crumbling road frame, aging trucks, and the danger of violence forced the company to re-think its traditional distribution methods. kinda of operating a central warehouse, as is its preference in most nations, the country.For safety reasons, trucks carrying Nestle goods are allowed to travel only during the day and frequently under-armed guard. Marketing also poses challenges in Nigeria. With little opportunity for typical Western-style advertising on tel evision of billboards, the company hired local singers to go to towns and villages offering a flow of entertainment and product demonstrations. China provides another interesting example of local adaptation and long-term focus. After 13 years of talks, Nestle was formally invited into China in 1987, by the Government of Heilongjiang province.Nestle opened a plant to produce powdered milk and infant formula there in 1990, but readily realized that the local rail and road infrastructure was inadequate and inhibited the collection of milk and manner of speaking of finished products. Rather than make do with the local infrastructure, Nestle embarked on an ambitious plan to establish its own distribution network, known as milk roads, between 27 villages in the region and pulverization collection points, called chilling centres.Farmers brought their milk often on bicycles or carts to the centres where it was weighed and analysed. Unlike the government, Nestle paid the farmers prompt ly. on the spur of the moment the farmers had an incentive to produce milk and many bought a second cow, increasing the cow population in the district by 3,000 to 9,000 in 18 months. Area managers then organized a delivery system that used dedicated vans to deliver the milk to Nestles factory. Although at first glance this power seem to be a very costly solution, Nestle calculated that the long-term benefits would be substantial.Nestles strategy is similar to that undertaken by many European and American companies during the first waves of industrialization in those countries. Companies often had to invest in infrastructure that we now take for granted to get production off the ground. at a time the infrastructure was in place, in China, Nestles production took off. In 1990, 316 tons of powdered milk and infant formula were produced. By 1994, output exceeded 10,000 tons and the company decided to triple capacity.Based on this experience, Nestle decided to build another two powdered milk factories in China and was aiming to generate sales of $700 million by 2000. Nestle is pursuing a similar long-term bet in the Middle East, an area in which most multinational food companies have little presence. Collectively, the Middle East accounts for only about 2 percent of Nestles worldwide sales and the individual markets are very small. However, Nestles long-term strategy is based on the assumption that regional conflicts will diminish and intra-regional trade ill expand as trade barriers between countries in the region come down. in one case that happens, Nestles factories in the Middle East should be able to sell throughout the region, thereby realizing scale economies. In anticipation of this development, Nestle has established a network of factories in five countries, in the hope that each will, someday, supply the entire region with different products. The company, currently makes ice-cream in Dubai, soups and cereals in Saudi-Arabian Arabia, yogurt and bouillon in Egypt, chocolate in Turkey, and ketchup and instant noodles in Syria.For the present, Nestle can stretch forth in these markets by using local materials and focusing on local demand. The Syrian factory, for example, relies on products that use tomatoes, a major local agricultural product. Syria also produces wheat, which is the main ingredient in instant noodles. regular if trade barriers dont come down soon, Nestle has indicated it will remain committed to the region. By using local inputs and focussing on local consumer needs, it has earned a good rate of show in the region, even though the individual markets are small.Despite its successes in places such as China and move of the Middle East, not all of Nestles moves have worked out so well. Like several other Western companies, Nestle has had its problems in Japan, where a failure to adapt its coffee brand to local conditions meant the loss of a significant market opportunity to another Western company, Coca Cola. For year s, Nestles instant coffee brand was the dominant coffee product in Japan. In the 1960s, cold preserve coffee (which can be purchased from soda vending machines) started to gain a following in Japan.Nestle disregard the product as just a coffee-flavoured drink rather than the real thing and declined to enter the market. Nestles local partner at the time, Kirin Beer, was so incensed at Nestles refusal to enter the canned coffee market that it broke off its relationship with the company. In contrast, Coca Cola entered the market with Georgia, a product developed specifically for this segment of the Japanese market. By leveraging its existing distribution channel, Coca Cola captured a 40 percent share of the $4 billion a year, market for canned coffee in Japan.Nestle, which failed to enter the market until the 1980s, has only a 4 percent share. While Nestle has built businesses from the ground up, in many emerging markets, such as Nigeria and China, in others it will purchase local co mpanies if suitable candidates can be found. The company pursued such a strategy in Poland, which it entered in 1994, by purchasing Goplana, the countrys second largest chocolate manufacturer. With the collapse of communism and the opening of the Polish market, income levels in Poland have started to rise and so has chocolate consumption.Once a scarce item, the market grew by 8 percent a year, throughout the 1990s. To take advantage of this opportunity, Nestle has pursued a strategy of evolution, rather than revolution. It has kept the top management of the company staffed with locals as it does in most of its operations around the world and carefully adjusted Goplanas product line to better match local opportunities. At the same time, it has pumped money into Goplanas marketing, which has enabled the unit to gain share from several other chocolate makers in the country. Still, competition in the market is intense.Eight companies, including several foreign- possess enterprises, s uch as the market leader, Wedel, which is owned by PepsiCo, are vying for market share, and this has depressed prices and profit margins, despite the healthy volume growth. Discussions 1. Does it make intellect for Nestle to focus its growth efforts on emerging markets? why? 2. What is the companys strategy with regard to business development in emerging markets? Does this strategy make sense? From an organizational perspective, what is required for this strategy to work effectively? 3. Through your own research on NESTLE, identify appropriate performance indicators.Once you have gathered relevant data on these, undertake a performance analysis of the company over the last five years. What does the analysis tell you about the success or otherwise of the strategy espouse by the company? 4. How would you describe Nestles strategic posture at the corporate level is it pursuing a global strategy, a multidomestic strategy an international strategy or a international strategy? 5. Does this overall strategic posture make sense given the markets and countries that Nestle participates in? Why? 6. Is Nestles management structure and philosophy aligned with its overall strategic posture?

Art and aesthetics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Art and aesthetics - Essay ExampleTherefore, the definition of contrivanceistry proper is the graphics as a manner of expression, since the other aspects of fraud, such as art as a craft and art as a magic develop no real bearing on the essence and the core that art has to create, if it is non applied as a means of expression (Collingwood, 105). This is because, under circumstances where art is to be defined as a craft, then it must be divided into the elements of means and the abrogate (Collingwood, 108). However, it is apparent that art is not divisible into the components of a means and an end, but unfortunately the various answers that choose been given to responding to the question what is art, has always suggested that it is so. Therefore, there is a need to refute the claims that are postulated by the conjecture that art is divisible into the components of means and end, where the technical theory of art defines the component of means as arousing sensation (Collingw ood, 108). This hypothesis tries to indicate that art is a means of bringing onto the fore, something that has already been determined as desirable, so that it eventually influences the way an respective(prenominal) feels. The factual truth about art is that it is not a means that arouses feelings and emotions, but it has some element of interacting with emotions, but what it does clearly resembles arousing emotions, but it is not arousing it (Collingwood, 108). Therefore, the real definition of art has something to do with emotions and their arousal, but clearly exists in two different ways, one being the unuttered emotion, where an individual feels the emotions in a helpless and oppressive way, considering that such emotions are in existence, but then they have not been streamed into action so that they can be understood, rather remaining suppressed within an individual, so sitting in as just oppressive (Collingwood, 109). The second nature of emotions is the emotions in express ed way, which then refers to the emotions that the individual has allowed to be known, and as such they are fully expressed and exploited, and they have therefore been distant from the unconscious part of the individual, into being conscious feelings, which has something to do with the way the individual is feeling the emotions. Through expressed feelings, an individuals mind is freed of the baggage of the emotions, and thus the sense of oppression has completely vanished and the mind becomes jutting and somehow lightened by the unburdening of the feelings (Collingwood, 110). This serves as the real meaning of art, and thus the response to the question what is art, can be responded to by stating that art is a means through which an individual eases and lightens their mind, through unburdening the oppressive emotions inside them, by allowing the burden to vanish into the audience. Therefore, to express emerge as becoming conscious of an emotion, which then means it is not practical ly possible to apply a differentiation between means and end, when it comes to the functionality of art (Collingwood, 111). Thus, there is a need to differentiate the philosophical meaning of art and work of art, considering that it is through a work of art that the aspects of prep and execution can be differentiated, but there is completely no way of differentiating planning and exec

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Compare and contrast - test ExampleThis behavior can be detrimental to the society.The common theme depicted in the iv essays is the issue of passive compliance. This is where an individual in a group of other humans tends to comply with the show of affairs or unwelcome predicaments because of natural fears. These fears include, embarrassing themselves or others, suspecting that their cause could be unjust or ambiguous, facing the trivial horrors of a confrontation with authority and anxiety of being unobtrusive (Buckley 64-67). It is clear that as the human group grows larger, the lazier they become (Travis 229).Travis observes imminent negligence in larger groups of race. For instance, an individual can pretend his/her own life to save a victim of an accident. It is, however, the opposite in groups of people who perceive their neighbors restrain taken or would take an initiative to do the necessary on their behalf (Travis 229). Similarly, Buckley experiences the same when in the coerce car (Buckley 64-67). Despite the ill treatment to extreme heat in the vehicle, no single somebody opts to file for a complaint. In both cases, people in the groups choose to suffer than embarrass themselves in the public.If Travis and Buckley had a conversation, they would agree that humans in groups tend to silence even in the event of predicaments in order to avoid creating scenes or drawing too much embarrassing attention on themselves in the public areas. They would also agree that individual people would be concerned about the other peoples welfare. However, they would agree in anything.Orwells experience proves Traviss theories in diverse ways. Travis postulates that human groups do not mind what happens to others. The people think that someone else has already taken care of affairs. This takes them to the world of negligence, in fear of speculation or perception as unruly. Traviss theories correspond with Orwells experience in the experience with the Burman crowd. He was not

Management in a global enviroment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Manage ment in a global enviroment - Essay guinea pigFor companies with a very strong and specific culture it will be even harder to change. This is a long challenge for management.Change has become a way of life for most organizations. Pressure from increase competition, globalization, technical developments, and other forces has created an environment that rewards an organization that are capable of identifying trends and issues and responding quickly to them. Change is the only permanent topic in this world and when organizations change there are many forces of resistance against the change and culture is unmatched of the important forces of resistance. HRM Techniques play a major role in changing the organizational culture. The major Interventions use in bringing a change allow in Human Processual, Techno structural, Socio technical systems and organization transformation. The various HRM Techniques include Action research, Organizational development, Sensitivity Training, S urvey Feedback, Process Consultation, Team Building, Inter group development, Appreciative enquiry.The worlds increasing globalization requires more interaction among people from diverse cultures, beliefs, and backgrounds than ever before. People no longer detain and work in an insular marketplace they are now part of a worldwide thrift with competition coming from nearly every continent. For this reason, profit and non-profit organizations need re forward-lookinging to become more seminal and open to change. Maximizing and capitalizing on workplace diversity has become an important issue for management today. Managing diversity remains a significant organizational challenge and managers must learn the managerial skills needed in a multicultural work environment. Managers must shift their philosophy from treating every one alike to recognizing differences and responding to those differences in different ways and at the same time avoiding discrimination. Supervisors and managers must be prepared to teach themselves and others indoors their organizations to value multicultural differences in both associates and customers so that everyone is treated with dignity. - Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, Prentice Hall, 10th Edition.Pg.14-15.demographic changes (women in the workplace, organizational restructurings, and equal opportunity legislation) will require organizations to review their management practices and develop new and creative approaches to managing people. Changes will increase work performance and customer service. The need to understand diversity is also driven by women in the workplace. Todays workforce has the highest levels of employment participation ever by women. The number of bivalent income families and single working mothers has increased. Change in the family structure means that there are fewer men and